Called the Social Sciences Replication Project, it is the latest bid by the nonprofit Center for Open Science (COS) in Charlottesville, Virginia, and far-flung collaborators to quality check the scientific literature. Like its predecessors, the new effort found that a large fraction of published studies don't yield the same results when done a second time. But this time, the five independent research teams that did the replications strove to give the studies the benefit of the doubt: They increased the statistical power of the studies by enlisting, on average, five times as many participants a...