UVA students turn Election Day into a political science lab

When the polls opened Nov. 4, some 130 University of Virginia undergraduate students fanned out across Charlottesville’s nine voting precincts armed with clipboards and paper surveys to ask voters to spare five minutes to answer a few questions.

But they didn’t ask how voters cast their ballots on Election Day. They wanted to know how voters felt about political issues and international affairs.

The data-gathering effort was part of the University of Virginia’s Politics Honors program. Six students spent the fall semester designing eight experiments for the survey to test theories of foreign policy, voter behavior and perceptions of race and politics.

A small group, the half-dozen honors students are chosen from a pool of roughly 300 applicants annually. Alumni regularly win Rhodes, Truman and Marshall scholarships.

“The Politics Honors program is UVA’s ‘top gun,’” said Todd Sechser, the director of the honors program and a professor of international relations. “These students are the best of the best. And we put them through a course of study as rigorous and intensive as anything available at the University.”

In the front row and from the left, Zach Davidson, Hovsep Seferian, Jennifer Lawless, Grace Edelstein and Maryam Ahmed. In the back row, from left, Kessler Kreutner-Eady, Jada Fontaine-Rasaiah and professor Todd Sechser.

The six students who won slots in the UVA Department of Politics’ honors program relax after reviewing their exit poll results. In the front row and from the left, Zach Davidson, Hovsep Seferian, Department of Politics chair and professor Jennifer Lawless, Grace Edelstein and Maryam Ahmed. In the back row, from left, are Kessler Kreutner-Eady, Jada Fontaine-Rasaiah and honors program director and professor Todd Sechser. (Photo by Amanda Maglione)

Sechser and Jennifer Lawless, chair of the Department of Politics and a professor of American politics, organized the exit poll, which they plan to make an annual feature of the program.

What did the students find?

Grace Edelstein flipped the script on local politics and asked voters whether local controversies involving the University shaped their statewide voting decisions.

The results said “yes.” Among those with a close affiliation to UVA, 68% of voters said events over the summer played an important role in their decision to turn out to vote. For those without a UVA affiliation, the figure dropped to 50%. The findings applied to Democrats and Republicans alike.

Student Kessler Kreutner-Eady found that neither positive nor negative information about gubernatorial candidates or polarizing statements from President Donald J. Trump affected voter enthusiasm.

She concluded that voters’ demographic characteristics drove enthusiasm. Women, politically engaged voters, Democrats and higher-income earners were more enthusiastic about their gubernatorial choice, regardless of what information they read.

For student Maryam Ahmed, whether policy endorsements from allies versus adversaries shape public support for policies piqued her interest.

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She found that associating a government policy – in this case, a proposal for stricter online gambling restrictions – with either China or Germany reduced voter support for the policy when compared to no endorsement at all.

Ahmed attributed the results to a sense of American individualism: “People don’t want to be compared to another country.”

Zach Davidson wanted to know whether associating U.S. military assistance with Israel, currently a polarizing nation among some Americans, reduced public support for that aid.

Davidson designed two experiments. In one, respondents were asked whether they supported the U.S. strikes against Iran in July. Some were told Australia and Canada supported the strikes, while others were told Israel supported them. In a second experiment, some respondents were asked about missile defense to Ukraine, while others were asked about identical assistance to Israel.

In both experiments, associating military aid with Israel significantly reduced support, especially in the missile defense scenario.

Student Hovsep Seferian’s questions explored public support for aid to Ukraine in its war against Russia. He wanted to know if Americans are more likely to support military aid when they think the war is nearing an end.

Kessler Kreutner-Eady giving a talk in front of a presentation on a projector

Kessler Kreutner-Eady explains with words and graphs how voters responded to her questions about being motivated to vote by positive and negative campaign rhetoric. (Photo by Amanda Maglione)

They are.

“It takes a winner,” Seferian said. “The public supports more aid to Ukraine when they think one side is winning, but it doesn’t matter which side.”

Jaeda Fontaine-Rasaiah wanted to know Charlottesville voters’ attitudes about why the city’s Black population is more impoverished.

She used a technique in which respondents see a list of statements and report how many they agree with. Because they don’t indicate agreement with specific statements, researchers can detect socially unpopular attitudes without anyone admitting them.

Fontaine-Rasaiah found most Charlottesville residents attribute racial economic differences to factors other than a poor work ethic.

The students acknowledged that Charlottesville skews more Democratic, younger, wealthier and more educated than the nation overall. But Sechser and Lawless believe the findings are still important and plan to work with the students to help turn their research into published academic articles.

“The students’ projects, findings and presentations were beyond impressive,” Lawless said. “This entire experience is what sets the Politics Honors program apart: rigorous training in the craft of political science, applied to real-world questions with real-world data.”

Media Contacts

Bryan McKenzie

Assistant Editor, UVA Today Office of University Communications