New Technique Better Spots Serious Heart Ailment

A new technique that combines blood-flow measurements in a patient’s heart with an MRI can improve a doctor’s ability to diagnose coronary artery disease, according to researchers at the University of Virginia School of Medicine. 

The novel pairing, when combined with a cardiac stress test, “offers a superior way” to uncover potentially deadly coronary artery disease, according to a news release from UVA Health. “The new technique outperformed human experts examining images,” the news release said.

When doctors use an MRI to examine the heart, they refer to that as cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, or CMR. But it works largely the same as an MRI does on other parts of the body, giving experts a noninvasive, but detailed look inside an organ.

“These findings are important because it means that a noninvasive test like CMR can be used to help diagnose (coronary artery disease) even at medical centers that may not have highly experienced physicians available to interpret the test,” Dr. Amit Patel, a UVA Health cardiologist, said. “By including these novel blood-flow measurements into the interpretation of the CMR test, we will be able to more accurately identify patients most likely to benefit from getting an invasive heart catheterization procedure.”

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The UVA researchers were part of an international team studying the effectiveness of the new technique.

To diagnose coronary artery disease, doctors often combine a CMR with a stress test, in which the patient takes a medication to make the heart work harder. When the UVA researchers and their international colleagues added blood-flow measurements to the mix, it improved their ability to identify obstructive coronary artery disease, which is often serious enough to require a heart bypass or stent. At the same time, the technique was able to more accurately rule out patients who did not need heart surgery. 

“These findings will hopefully help us minimize the number of patients who have to undergo an invasive heart catheterization procedure,” Patel said. “Although this study focused on improving the diagnosis of obstructive coronary artery disease, future studies will be needed to determine how the blood-flow measurements will be beneficial for patients with other heart conditions such as heart failure.”

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