Call to arms: Students build a plastic prosthetic

Human hands assembled plastic fingers.

Members of Cavalimbs, an organization comprising mostly University of Virginia engineering students, are in the early stages of designing and constructing an affordable prosthetic arm.

“We’re going through a couple of phases of building a robotic arm that we hope to turn into a prosthetic arm to be able to help people in need – and possibly, in the future, to create something that’s more affordable,” said Maya Golubkova, a second-year mechanical engineering student who is the founder and president of the group. “This is a way to have engineers be able to work together, actually applying their skills from the classroom.”

With an interest in biomedical engineering, Golubkova investigated prosthetics, but thought the expense made many of them prohibitive for some people. The group is new this year, founded by Golubkova and her friend Emma Camiolo, a second-year civil engineering major from Atlanta. Golubkova paid for the initial materials from her own pocket, but the group recently received a $3,335 boost from the Jefferson Trust.

“The Jefferson trustees liked that this project is student-led, involves students from across the University and has a social entrepreneurship mindset,” said Andrea Seese, the associate director of promotions and events for the Jefferson Trust. “It was a well-written proposal.”

Maya Golubkova, Adeline Garvie, left, and Emma Camiolo working on the servomotors.

Group founder Maya Golubkova, center, works with Adeline Garvie, left, and co-founder Emma Camiolo on the servomotors. (Photo by Matt Kelly, University Communications)

“I’ve always been interested in the more biomedical aspect of engineering,” Golubkova said. “I am pursuing mechanical engineering because I like how things work. I want to be able to create something that has circuitry components to it, and mechanical movements.”

She said about 50 students are involved, with a core group of about 15.

“We all work together,” Camiolo said. “We sit together and talk, and two meetings ago, we were putting together a prototype with all of our 3D-printed pieces. And it’s a lot of fun because you can tell everyone’s really interested, especially the ones who come every time.”

Golubkova said the team found designs online that may have influenced their design, but the entire assembly was made from scratch.

“We made all of our own joints, and everything was 3D-printed from scratch,” Golubkova said. “We could look online, and there are a lot of different designs, but we didn’t like any of the ones that we found.”

Different team members contributed to different sections of the arm.

“It’s all our own,” Golubkova said. “I think the whole point of engineering and being an engineering student is to create things from scratch and learn how things work. And I think it was a cheat and a cop-out if we were to just copy something.”

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At the group’s last meeting, 10 students broke into three groups. One assembled and tested servomotor circuits, the second assembled the fingers, and the third group delicately threaded fishing line and deconstructed paracord rope, a nylon line that tends to fray, through the fingers.

The parts, made of polyactic acid plastic, or PLA plastic, were assembled to form a palm with flexible fingers controlled with fishing line threaded through the pulleys in the joints and attached to a servomotor. Rotation of the servos was controlled by potentiometers and would cause flexion of the fingers. The palm was mounted on a plastic forearm, with strings and circuitry controlled by servomotors in the arm’s trunk. The circuitry team finished soldering connections, but ran out of time to test the circuitry with the hand design. All the plastic printed pieces were orange.

The first phase is to build a simple robotic arm, a “proof of life” that the group can actually make something.

“It’s going to be attached to a computer,” Golubkova said. “We’ve written the code, and we can manually change how the hand is going to close. Next semester, we’re going to focus on creating something that has human interaction with it. Ideally, it’s going to mirror a real person’s arm.”

Golubkova and some of the team plans to remain on the Grounds pursuing research over the summer, and to continue working on the arm.

“The next steps are to test and refine this current prototype, to get a feel for circuitry, possible addition of silicone, and mechanical tolerances needed,” Golukova said. “Closer to the end of the summer, planning for phase two will start, which will include human involvement in the device, and we will lean away from 3D printing in favor of other materials.” 

Media Contacts

Matt Kelly

University News Associate Office of University Communications